1/19/2004
US PATENT PENDINGApollo F-18 Target And
This abstract provides you the latest development of the Apollo target knowledge and the use of micro-controller technology as applied to nuclear medicine, cancer research.
This situation came about as a result of years of experiences working in a PET isotope production and radioisotope target development and design. The target system, we have developed, uses the latest technology in microprocessor/micro-controller that controls the system in a user-friendly manner. With self-diagnostic components ex. Pressure transducer, water level loader, and data logger.
An extensive research and developments was made on the machine language progmers, assembly language for microcontrolers is a fastram and yet cost-effective way to get knowledge to serve multiple projects in the nuclear medicine targetery and devices project.
This target is suitable for most cyclotron port. the size of the target was considered to be very compact and ergonomic.
The compact overall size is 6"x5"x5" !
Apollo Target F18, Loader, CPU Unit Control and Remote.
This layout shows the complexity involved in the latest development of an ammonia N-13 target and F-18 Fluorine dioxyglucose (FDG) target for Cyclotron particle accelerator.
Numerous improvements were made to achieve the best yield of the radioisotope produced by the target microprocessor controlled.
So far previous developments were depending on the local existing PLC used by the cyclotron but by using stand alone microcontroler technology the existing developments are much more Attractive to sales marketing.
The simplicity to operate and service the target was the result of several years of servicing cyclotron targets from other manufacturer.
It will take less than a minute to change the twin isolation foil over >50hours of beam time.
The Clamp release mechanism is by far the most reliable and simple to use to seal the target.
The CPU unit can operate without any PC interface software since it does have its own internal logic Program and keyboard and display.
There are four distinguished unit on the target system
-The CPU unit
-The Loader unit
-The Target system
-The Remote Control
The CPU unit use: LCD Display Processor control and diagnostic
PC/software is also developed to control the CPU over network and be use to store or setup parameters.
Remote Control Valve display hollow=OFF, filled = ON

The Remote control operate the target entirely from a remote location such as the cyclotron Vault for troubleshooting.
The loader and level detector are included and been operated from the processor. The pressure sensor and signal conditioner is also customized and be part of the program/processor and diagnostic procedure.
The over all size of the loader kept on a single plate is: 12"X6" X 2-1/4"deep!
Loader O-18 water (GreenBlock) with water level detector.
The Loader unit can be located just out side the cyclotron Vault or in the Lab.
The loader Vial uses a 15mL of volume that give about 8 runs.
It is a plus to have this unit far from the radiation since the loader has to be refilling often.
Loader Unit cabinet and Colimator (green Flanges) and Target in open position for Quick foils maintenance.
So far we have a line that supplies the water O18 to the target extended up to 50 feet and work fine.
Two Appolo settup side by side on the Cyclotron ports
If the Loading line is shorter or long, the "Stroke" parameters at the CPU unit will allowed you to change its parameters at any time. (Stroke Loader parameter/Pressure Load parameter).
The wiring from the CPU unit is ending to the Board connectors at the loader unit and extends to the target system.
Target performance:
High yield target volume: 2.75mL O-18 /17-18Mev-30uA
Hours Beam |
Yield first dump |
1 |
2 - 2.6 Ci |
2 |
>2.6 4.1 Ci |
2.5 |
>4.1 4.3 Ci |
3 |
>4.3 >5 Ci |
Finit element analisys was conducted using CosmosFlowork
It is very hard to fine a very well design target that includes hall the necessary components.
The Apollo Target offers a minimum residual water volume less 8% remaining in the target body,valves,lines when a "DUMP" is initiated.
A 6-10L/min of cooling water at 18 deg Celsius is applied on the back of the target and 50L/min of Helium Flow travel through the isolation foils at room temperature.
O-18/F-18 isotope production use a 99.99% pure silver body, is now upgraded to NIOBIUM material and
O-16/N-13 isotope production uses a 6061 aluminum.
PC control Software Also Networked
Snap shot of Diagnostic Run prior Loading Target
The tank pressure was OFF at the Time.
The system is available commercially, please Contact Fred Covelli or my Self.
Back to to Beam Line Project at the Nuclear medicine Dep at University of Buffalo
Erol Bars
Director Cyclotron Dep. Facility
The State of University of Buffalo, NY
Department of Nuclear Medicine
Center for Positron Emission Tomography
since 2/28/2005
Phone 716 838-5889
Fax 716-838-4918